{"id":258321,"date":"2026-08-25T23:36:20","date_gmt":"2026-08-25T21:36:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sada.ly\/en\/?p=258321"},"modified":"2026-08-25T23:36:24","modified_gmt":"2026-08-25T21:36:24","slug":"economic-expert-the-debt-libyas-government-didnt-create-but-the-economy-is-paying-for","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sada.ly\/en\/economic-expert-the-debt-libyas-government-didnt-create-but-the-economy-is-paying-for\/","title":{"rendered":"Economic Expert: &#8220;The Debt Libya\u2019s Government Didn\u2019t Create, But the Economy Is Paying For&#8221;"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>By: An Economic Expert<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Not every economic crisis begins at the moment people start feeling its effects.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Some crises accumulate over years\u2014in accounts, financial records, and balance sheets\u2014before suddenly appearing in the form of inflation, pressure on the exchange rate, rising prices, and declining purchasing power.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Perhaps one of the most important elements of Libya\u2019s economic situation today is the distinction between debt that was accumulated historically and the entity that bears its consequences today.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Government of National Unity was not responsible for creating Libya\u2019s historical public debt, nor was it the government that created the liabilities currently under discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">However, the problem is that previous financial obligations can, through subsequent settlements and accounting and monetary arrangements, move from being a historical problem to becoming a source of present-day economic pressure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">And this is where the real story begins.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">From Historical Debt to Balance-Sheet Liabilities<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When the state spends more than it has, a deficit emerges.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Under a normal financial system, that deficit follows a clear path: borrowing, issuing debt instruments, or recording specific government liabilities whose maturity, cost, and responsible entity can be identified and tracked.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">But when liabilities accumulate outside this framework, they do not simply disappear.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">They may move between institutions and accounts. They may be transformed from financial liabilities into banking claims, transferred from one account to another, or shifted from a public-finance problem into a problem within the banking system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">At that point, the question becomes bigger than simply:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>How large is the public debt?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The question is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>How large are the liabilities accumulated in the past, and how did they move from historical obligations into components of the Central Bank\u2019s balance sheet?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This is the part of the story that requires full and transparent disclosure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Government of National Unity Is Not Responsible for the Origin of the Problem<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It is politically and economically wrong to hold the Government of National Unity responsible for debt it did not create.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The current government inherited a financial, monetary, and banking environment shaped by years of accumulated obligations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">But the fact that it was not responsible for creating those liabilities does not mean the economy will not bear the consequences of how they are managed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This requires distinguishing between two things:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Responsibility for creating the liability, and responsibility for managing its consequences once it emerges.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The first belongs to the period in which the liability was created.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The second concerns how it was subsequently handled.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This distinction is extremely important because public debate in Libya often mixes the two.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Moment an Old Problem Becomes New Pressure<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The problem begins when old liabilities are transferred onto the Central Bank\u2019s balance sheet through financial and accounting settlements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Central Bank is not simply an institution that holds money.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It sits at the heart of the monetary and banking system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Therefore, any major settlement carried out on its balance sheet can have consequences extending far beyond accounting records.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This is where the revaluation of assets becomes important.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">An increase in the book value of certain foreign assets, or an increase in the value of gold, can generate significant revaluation gains.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">But accounting gains should not be confused with the creation of new economic wealth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A rise in the price of gold does not mean Libya has produced new gold.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Likewise, an increase in the book value of foreign assets does not necessarily mean that new dollars have entered the economy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It is a remeasurement of the value of assets that already existed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Therefore, the more important question is not:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>How large were the revaluation gains?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>What happened to those differences after they were recorded?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Did they remain as reserves and accounting equity?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Or were they used, directly or indirectly, to settle accumulated financial obligations?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">And if so, how large were those obligations? What was their nature? Who created them? And how did they become part of the Central Bank\u2019s balance sheet?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">These are not marginal accounting questions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">They concern monetary policy and financial stability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Problem Is Not the Accounting Entry\u2014It Is Its Impact<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">At first glance, the matter may appear to be nothing more than an accounting transaction.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">But the economy does not operate inside accounting ledgers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If settlements result in the recognition of banking claims or balances that can be used, the problem moves from the balance sheet into the banking system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">From the banking system, it moves into liquidity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">From liquidity, into demand.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">From demand, into prices and the foreign-exchange market.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">At that point, an old liability\u2014one that citizens may never have known about when it was created\u2014becomes part of the economic reality they experience today.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This is the key point.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The problem is not that a figure moved from one accounting category to another.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The problem is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Did this transfer create purchasing power, liquidity, or banking claims that were not backed by real production or new foreign-currency inflows?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If the answer is yes, the economy is facing pressure that may be difficult to absorb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A Small Economy Facing Large Liabilities<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Libyan economy is not an economy capable of absorbing unlimited amounts of liquidity or financial obligations without consequences.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It relies heavily on oil, imports a large share of its needs, and has a limited domestic production base relative to the size of demand.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In such an economy, injecting substantial purchasing power without a corresponding increase in goods, services, production, and foreign-currency availability does not make the problem disappear.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Instead, the pressure seeks an outlet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">That outlet may be higher prices.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It may be the foreign-exchange market.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It may be increased demand for foreign currencies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Or it may be a decline in the purchasing power of the dinar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This makes it extremely difficult for the real economy to absorb large obligations accumulated over years and whose effects are subsequently introduced into the financial system over a relatively short period.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Why the Problem Cannot Be Solved Through the Market<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Because the market is not the source of the problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>The market reveals it.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Traders do not create inflation on their own.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Importers do not create pressure on the dollar on their own.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Consumers do not cause the decline in purchasing power.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">These are all consequences of a broader imbalance between the amount of liquidity and demand on one side, and production, supply, and foreign-currency availability on the other.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Therefore, addressing prices alone is like trying to reduce a patient&#8217;s fever without treating the underlying illness.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It may work temporarily.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">But it does not address the cause.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Question That Should Be Asked About the Balance Sheet<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Perhaps it is time to examine this issue away from political disputes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The question is not:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Who should we blame?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nor is it:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Which government spent more?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The more important question is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>What liabilities were transferred onto the Central Bank\u2019s balance sheet?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Then:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>When were they created?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Which entity created them?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Were they recorded as public debt or as banking liabilities?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>How were they settled?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>What relationship did asset revaluation differences have with those settlements?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Did they result in banking balances that could be used?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>How much liquidity became associated with them?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>What impact did they have on the exchange rate and demand for foreign currency?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">These questions alone could transform the debate from politics into numbers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Debt the Government Did Not See<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The paradox is that the government managing the economy today may not be the government that created the liability putting pressure on it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Government of National Unity was not responsible for the creation of this historical debt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">But, like the Libyan economy as a whole, it now operates within its consequences.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This is where the danger lies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">An obligation created years ago can become pressure today on public finances, the Central Bank, commercial banks, the foreign-exchange market, and prices.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In other words:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>The debt is old, but its impact is new.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The problem is not necessarily that someone intends to conceal it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The problem is that debt can disappear from the traditional form of public debt, only to return to the economy through another channel: balance sheets, settlements, and liquidity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This is the debt that citizens did not see when it was created.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">But they see it today in the price of the dollar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">They see it in the price of goods.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">They see it in the declining value of their income.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">And they see it every time they go to the market.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Truth Libya Needs<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Libya does not need another confrontation between governments and institutions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It needs <strong>a full accounting<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A complete disclosure of historical liabilities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A disclosure of how those liabilities were transferred.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A disclosure of the settlements that were carried out.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">And a disclosure of their monetary impact.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Because holding the Government of National Unity responsible for debt it did not create does not solve the problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">At the same time, ignoring how those liabilities were introduced into the financial system does not solve it either.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The solution begins when <strong>all the figures are put on the table<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If there is historical public debt, let it be disclosed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If there is a banking liability arising from previous public spending, let it be disclosed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If settlements were carried out using revaluation differences, let them be explained from an accounting perspective.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">And if those settlements were converted into liquidity or banking claims that are putting pressure on the economy, their impact should be measured in numbers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The economy does not hold governments accountable for their intentions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nor does it hold citizens accountable for mistakes they did not make.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>The economy holds results accountable.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Perhaps the most dangerous aspect of Libya\u2019s public debt is that it did not become visible when it was created.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>It only became visible when the economy began paying the price for it.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Share this article<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By: An Economic Expert Not every economic crisis begins at the moment people start feeling its effects. Some crises accumulate over years\u2014in accounts, financial records, and balance sheets\u2014before suddenly appearing in the form of inflation, pressure on the exchange rate, rising prices, and declining purchasing power. Perhaps one of the most important elements of Libya\u2019s [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":258322,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"iawp_total_views":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[683],"tags":[613],"class_list":["post-258321","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-economic-articles","tag-libya"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Economic Expert: &quot;The Debt Libya\u2019s Government Didn\u2019t Create, But the Economy Is Paying For&quot; - Sada Newspaper<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/sada.ly\/en\/economic-expert-the-debt-libyas-government-didnt-create-but-the-economy-is-paying-for\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Economic Expert: &quot;The Debt Libya\u2019s Government Didn\u2019t Create, But the Economy Is Paying For&quot; - Sada Newspaper\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"By: An Economic Expert Not every economic crisis begins at the moment people start feeling its effects. Some crises accumulate over years\u2014in accounts, financial records, and balance sheets\u2014before suddenly appearing in the form of inflation, pressure on the exchange rate, rising prices, and declining purchasing power. Perhaps one of the most important elements of Libya\u2019s [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/sada.ly\/en\/economic-expert-the-debt-libyas-government-didnt-create-but-the-economy-is-paying-for\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Sada Newspaper\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-08-25T21:36:20+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-08-25T21:36:24+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/sada.ly\/en\/contents\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/08\/image_2026-08-25_223544852.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"700\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Amira Cherni\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Amira Cherni\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"8 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/sada.ly\\\/en\\\/economic-expert-the-debt-libyas-government-didnt-create-but-the-economy-is-paying-for\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/sada.ly\\\/en\\\/economic-expert-the-debt-libyas-government-didnt-create-but-the-economy-is-paying-for\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Amira Cherni\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/sada.ly\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/d2e3a4c15ff289afd397860b4d048830\"},\"headline\":\"Economic Expert: &#8220;The Debt Libya\u2019s Government Didn\u2019t Create, But the Economy Is Paying For&#8221;\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-08-25T21:36:20+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-08-25T21:36:24+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/sada.ly\\\/en\\\/economic-expert-the-debt-libyas-government-didnt-create-but-the-economy-is-paying-for\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1658,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/sada.ly\\\/en\\\/economic-expert-the-debt-libyas-government-didnt-create-but-the-economy-is-paying-for\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/sada.ly\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/2\\\/2026\\\/08\\\/image_2026-08-25_223544852.png\",\"keywords\":[\"libya\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Economic articles\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sada.ly\\\/en\\\/economic-expert-the-debt-libyas-government-didnt-create-but-the-economy-is-paying-for\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/sada.ly\\\/en\\\/economic-expert-the-debt-libyas-government-didnt-create-but-the-economy-is-paying-for\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/sada.ly\\\/en\\\/economic-expert-the-debt-libyas-government-didnt-create-but-the-economy-is-paying-for\\\/\",\"name\":\"Economic Expert: \\\"The Debt Libya\u2019s Government Didn\u2019t Create, But the Economy Is Paying For\\\" - 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